Questoes comentadas/Direitos Humanos

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Questão comentada sobre Direitos dos Povos Originários e Sistemas de Proteção

Enunciado, alternativas e comentario aberto para indexacao, revisao e conexao com aulas e materiais relevantes.

FGV202545º Exame de Ordem Unificado - Prova Tipo 1

Enunciado

abEabab abcababbaboabnabdabiabcababbaboab abdabeab ababdabvaboabgababdaboab(abab)ab abeabsabpabuabbabeabcababbabiabablabiabzababdaboab(abab)ab abnabab abdabeabfabeabsabab abdabeab abDabiaboabbabrabeabiabtaboabsab,abuabmababnaboabsab,ab abvaboabcababbabeab abeab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabcababbabuaboabbabrababdaboab(abab)ab abpabuabbab aboabbabrab abmabeabmabbaboabbabraboabsab abdabeab abuabmabab abcababbaboabmabuabnabiabdababdabeab abdabeab abpabuabbaboabvaboabsab aboabbabrabiabgabiabnababoabbabrabiaboabsab,ab abiabnabtabeaboabbabrabeabsabsababdaboabsab abeabmab aboabbabrabeabgabuablababoabbabrabiabzababoabbabrab abab absabiabtabuababcababbaboab abdabab absab abtabeaboabbabraboabbabrababsab abpabuabbaboabbabrab abeablabeabsab abtaboabbabrababdabiabcababbabiaboabnabablabmabeabnabtabeab aboabcababbabuabpabuabbababdababsab.ab abAab aboabbabrabeabfabeaboabbabrabiabdabab abcababbaboabmabuabnabiabdababdabeab abpabuabbaboabbabrabeabtabeabnabdabeab aboabbabtabeaboabbabrab abeabsabcababbablababoabbabrabeabcabeabbababbabiabmabeabnabtaboabsab ababcababbabeaboabbabrabcababbab abdaboab absabeabuab abeabvabeabnabtabuabablab abdabiaboabbabrabeabiabtaboab abdabeab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabpabuabbaboabbabrabiabeabdababdabeab,ab abbabeabmab abcababbaboabmaboab abqabuababnabtaboab abab abfaboabbabrabmabab abdabeab absabuabab abuabtabiablabiabzababcababbaboab.ab abEabmab aboabbabrabeablababcababbaboab ababoab abtabeabmabab,ab abdabeab ababcababbaboabbabrabdaboab abcababbaboabmab aboab absabiabsabtabeabmabab aboabbabrabeabgabiaboabnabablab ababmabeaboabbabrabiabcababbabnaboab abeab aboab aboabbabrabdabeabnababmabeabnabtaboab aboabbabjabuaboabbabrabiabdabiabcababbaboab abnababcababbabiaboabnabablab,ab ababsabsabiabnabablabeab abab aboabpabuabbabcababbaboab abqabuabeab ababpabuabbaboabbabrabeabsabeabnabtabab,ab abcababbaboabbabraboabbabrabeabtababmabeabnabtabeab,ab aboab absabeabuab abeabsabcababbablababoabbabrabeabcabeabbababbabiabmabeabnabtaboab.ab

Alternativas

  1. A.
    abDabeab ababcababbaboabbabrabdaboab abcababbaboabmab aboab aboabbabrabdabeabnababmabeabnabtaboab aboabbabjabuaboabbabrabiabdabiabcababbaboab abiabnabtabeaboabbabrabnaboab,ab ababoabsab abpabuabbaboabvaboabsab aboabbabrabiabgabiabnababoabbabrabiaboabsab abeab ababsabsabeabgabuaboabbabrababdaboab aboab abuabsabuabfaboabbabrabuabtaboab abeabxabcababbablabuabsabiabvaboab abdababsab aboabbabrabiabqabuabeabzababsab abdaboab absaboablaboab abpabuabbaboabbabrab abeablabeabsab abtaboabbabrababdabiabcababbabiaboabnababmabeabnabtabeab aboabcababbabuabpabuabbababdaboab.ab abNabeabsabsabeab absabeabnabtabiabdaboab,ab abpabuabbaboabdabeab abab abcababbaboabmabuabnabiabdababdabeab,ab abeabxabeaboabbabrabcababbabeabnabdaboab aboab absabeabuab abdabiaboabbabrabeabiabtaboab abab ababuabtaboabdabeabtabeaboabbabrabmabiabnababcababbaboab,ab abcababbabuablabtabiabvababoabbabrab aboabbabrabgababnabiabsabmaboabsab abgabeabnabeabtabiabcababbabmabeabnabtabeab abmaboabdabiabfabiabcababbabdaboabsab abeabmab absabuababsab abtabeaboabbabraboabbabrababsab.ab
  2. B.
    abAab abCaboabnabvabeabnabcababbaboab abnaboab ab1ab6ab9ab,ab abdabab abOaboabbabrabgababnabiabzababcababbaboab abIabnabtabeaboabbabrabnababcababbabiaboabnabablab abdaboab abTaboabbabrababbabablabhababbaboab,ab aboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbaboabnabhababbabeabcababbabeab abeabxabpabuabbaboabbabrabeabsabsababmabeabnabtabeab aboab abdabiaboabbabrabeabiabtaboab abdabeab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabpabuabbaboabbabrabiabeabdababdabeab abdaboabsab abpabuabbaboabvaboabsab aboabbabrabiabgabiabnababoabbabrabiaboabsab abeabmab aboabbabrabeablababcababbaboab ababsab abtabeaboabbabraboabbabrababsab abqabuabeab abtaboabbabrababdabiabcababbabiaboabnabablabmabeabnabtabeab aboabcababbabuabpabuabbababmab.ab
  3. C.
    abAaboab aboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbaboabnabhababbabeabcababbabeaboabbabrab,ab abeabmab abfababvaboabbabrab abdababsab abcababbaboabmabuabnabiabdababdabeabsab abdabeab abpabuabbaboabvaboabsab aboabbabrabiabgabiabnababoabbabrabiaboabsab,ab aboabsab abdabiaboabbabrabeabiabtaboabsab aboabbabrabiabgabiabnababoabbabrabiaboabsab absaboabbaboabbabrabeab ababsab abtabeaboabbabraboabbabrababsab abqabuabeab abtaboabbabrababdabiabcababbabiaboabnabablabmabeabnabtabeab aboabcababbabuabpabuabbababmab,ab aboab aboabbabrabdabeabnababmabeabnabtaboab aboabbabjabuaboabbabrabiabdabiabcababbaboab abnababcababbabiaboabnabablab ababdabmabiabtabeab abqabuabeab abtababiabsab ababoabbabrabeababsab abpabuabbaboabsabsababmab absabeaboabbabrab aboabbaboabbabjabeabtaboab abdabeab abcababbaboabnabtaboabbabrababtaboab abdabeab ababoabbabraboabbabrabeabnabdababmabeabnabtaboab,ab abdabeabsabdabeab abqabuabeab abcababbabeablabeabbaboabbabrababdaboab abpabuabbabeablaboabsab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabpabuabbaboabbabrabiaboabsab,ab ababdabeabqabuababdababmabeabnabtabeab aboabbabrabeabpabuabbaboabbabrabeabsabeabnabtababdaboabsab abeab abiabnabfaboabbabrabmababdaboabsab.ab
  4. D.
    abEabmabbaboabbabrabab abab abCaboabbabrabtabeab abIabnabtabeaboabbabrababmabeaboabbabrabiabcababbabnabab abdabeab abDabiaboabbabrabeabiabtaboabsab,abuabmababnaboabsab abnababoab aboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbaboabnabhababbabeabcababbab aboab abdabiaboabbabrabeabiabtaboab abdabeab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabpabuabbaboabbabrabiabeabdababdabeab abcababbaboablabeabtabiabvabab abeabmab abfababvaboabbabrab abdababsab abcababbaboabmabuabnabiabdababdabeabsab abdabeab abpabuabbaboabvaboabsab aboabbabrabiabgabiabnababoabbabrabiaboabsab abqabuababnabtaboab ababsab abtabeaboabbabraboabbabrababsab abqabuabeab abtaboabbabrababdabiabcababbabiaboabnabablabmabeabnabtabeab aboabcababbabuabpabuabbababmab,ab abab abCaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabiabcababbaboab abFabeabdabeaboabbabrabablab abdabeab ab1ab9ab8ab8ab abeabxabpabuabbaboabbabrabeabsabsababmabeabnabtabeab abdabeabtabeaboabbabrabmabiabnaboabuab abab aboabuabtaboabbabrabgabab abdaboab abtabiabtabuablaboab abdabeab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabpabuabbaboabbabrabiabeabdababdabeab ababoabsab abpabuabbaboabvaboabsab aboabbabrabiabgabiabnababoabbabrabiaboabsab,ab abdabeabsabdabeab abqabuabeab abdabeabmaboabnabsabtaboabbabrababdabab abab abtaboabbabrababdabiabcababbabiaboabnabablabiabdababdabeab abdabab absabuabab aboabcababbabuabpabuabbababcababbaboab.ab

Gabarito: alternativa correta destacada.

Comentario

Correta: A alternativa B está correta porque o Artigo 14, item 1, da Convenção nº 169 da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT) determina expressamente que deve ser reconhecido aos povos interessados o direito de propriedade e de posse sobre as terras que tradicionalmente ocupam.

Por que as demais estão erradas:
A alternativa A está incorreta porque a Lei de Biossegurança (Lei nº 11.105/2005, Art. 1º, § 3º) veda expressamente o cultivo de organismos geneticamente modificados (OGMs) em terras indígenas.
A alternativa C está incorreta porque a Constituição Federal (Art. 231, § 6º) e o Estatuto do Índio (Lei nº 6.001/1973, Art. 18) proíbem o arrendamento de terras indígenas, considerando nulos quaisquer atos jurídicos que tenham por objeto a sua ocupação, domínio ou posse por terceiros.
A alternativa D está incorreta porque a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos reconhece amplamente o direito à propriedade coletiva da terra (como no caso paradigmático Mayagna Awas Tingni Vs. Nicarágua), e, no Brasil, as terras tradicionalmente ocupadas são bens da União (Art. 20, XI, CF/88), possuindo os indígenas a posse permanente e o usufruto exclusivo, e não a propriedade civil individualizada.

Base legal

Artigo 14, item 1, da Convenção nº 169 da OIT; Artigo 20, XI, e Artigo 231, § 2º e § 6º, da Constituição Federal de 1988; Artigo 1º, § 3º, da Lei nº 11.105/2005; Artigo 18 da Lei nº 6.001/1973.