Questão comentada sobre Controle de Constitucionalidade

Enunciado

abAab abLabeabiab abFabeabdabeaboabbabrabablab abnaboab ab1ab.ab0ab7ab9abͬab1ab9ab5ab0ab abdabeabfabiabnabeab aboabsab abcababbaboabbabrabiabmabeabsab abdabeab aboabbabrabeabsabpabuabbaboabnabsababbabiablabiabdababdab abeab abpabuabbaboabbabrababtabiabcababbabdaboabsab abpabuabbabeablaboab abPaboabbabrabeabsabiabdabeabnabtabeab abdabab abRabeabpabuabbabbablabiabcababbab abeab abtaboabbabrababzab abnaboabbabrabmababsab aboabbabrabeabgabuablababnabdaboab aboab aboabbabrabeabsabpabuabbabeabcababbabtabiabvaboab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabcababbabeabsabsaboab.ab,abab abpabuabbaboabuabcababbaboabsab abmabeabsabeabsab,ab aboab abDabiaboabbabrabeabtaboabbabrabiaboab abEababcababbabiaboabnabablab abdaboab abPababoabbabrabtabiabdaboab abPaboablabiabtabiabcababbaboab abAablabfabab abcababbaboabnabsabuablabtaboabuab abvaboabcababbabeab,ab abcababbaboabmaboab ababdabvaboabgababdaboab(abab)ab,ab absaboabbaboabbabrabeab abab abpabuabbaboabsabsabiabbabiablabiabdababdabeab abdabeab abiabnabgaboabbabrabeabsabsababoabbabrab abcababbaboabmab abAabcababbaboab abDabiaboabbabrabeabtabab abdabeab abIabnabcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablabiabdababdabeab ab(abAabDabIab)ab abpabuabbababoabbabrabab abiabmabpabuabbabgabnababoabbabrab abablabgabuabnabsab abdabiabsabpabuabbaboabsabiabtabiabvaboabsab abdabab abLabeabiab abnaboab ab1ab.ab0ab7ab9abͬab1ab9ab5ab0ab abqabuabeab abcababbaboabnabsabiabdabeaboabbabrababvabab abiabnabcababbaboabmabpabuabbababtabiabvabeabiabsab abcababbaboabmab abab aboabbabrabdabeabmab abcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablab.ab abSaboabbaboabbabrabeab abab abhababbabiabpabuabbaboabtabeabsabeab ababpabuabbaboabbabrabeabsabeabnabtababdabab,ab ababsabsabiabnabablabeab abab ababfabiaboabbabrabmababtabiabvabab abcababbaboabbabraboabbabrabeabtabab.ab

Alternativas

A.
abCaboabmaboab abab abLabeabiab abnaboab ab1ab.ab0ab7ab9abͬab1ab9ab5ab0ab abfaboabiab aboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbabeabpabuabbabcababbabiaboabnababdabab abpabuabbabeablabab aboabbabrabdabeabmab abcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablab abvabiabgabeabnabtabeab,ab abcababbaboabnabtabiabnabuababnabdaboab abab abpabuabbaboabbabraboabdabuabzabiaboabbabrab abeabfabeabiabtaboabsab abnababsab abuablabtabiabmababsab abdabeabcababbabdababsab,ab abab abAabcababbaboab abDabiaboabbabrabeabtabab abdabeab abIabnabcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablabiabdababdabeab abeab abab abvabiabab abdabeab abcababbaboabnabtaboabbabraboablabeab aboabbaboabbabjabeabtabiabvaboab ababdabeabqabuababdabab abpabuabbababoabbabrabab abiabmabpabuabbabgabnabab-ablabab.ab
B.
abDabiababnabtabeab abdabab abfabuabnabgabiabbabiablabiabdababdabeab aboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbaboabnabhababbabeabcababbabiabdabab abpabuabbabeablaboab abSabuabpabuabbaboabbabrabeabmaboab abTaboabbabrabiabbabuabnabablab abFabeabdabeaboabbabrabablab abeabnabtaboabbabrabeab abab abAabcababbaboab abDabiaboabbabrabeabtabab abdabeab abIabnabcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablabiabdababdabeab abeab abab abAaboabbabrabgabuabiabcababbaboab abdabeab abDabeabsabcababbabuabmabpabuabbaboabbabrabiabmabeabnabtaboab abdabeab abPaboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbabeabiabtaboab abFabuabnabdababmabeabnabtabablab,ab ababdabmabiabtabeab-absabeab,ab abeabmab abqabuabablabqabuabeaboabbabrab abcababbabsaboab,ab abab abcababbaboabnabvabeaboabbabrabsababoab abdabeab abuabmabab abvabiabab abiabmabpabuabbabgabnababtabiabvabab abeabmab aboabuabtaboabbabrabab.ab
C.
abEabmabbaboabbabrabab absabeaboabbabjabab abcababbabbabiabvabeablab aboab ababoabbabjabuabiabzababmabeabnabtaboab abdabeab abAabcababbaboab abDabeabcababbablababoabbabrababtaboabbabrabiabab abdabeab abCaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablabiabdababdabeab abeabmab abfababcababbabeab abdabab abLabeabiab abnaboab ab1ab.ab0ab7ab9abͬab1ab9ab5ab0ab,ab abpabuabbababoabbabrabab aboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbaboabnabhababbabeabcababbabeaboabbabrab abab abcababbaboabmabpabuabbababtabiabbabiablabiabdababdabeab abdabeab absabeabuabsab abdabiabsabpabuabbaboabsabiabtabiabvaboabsab abcababbaboabmab abab abCabRabFabBabͬab8ab8ab,ab abab abAabcababbaboab abDabiaboabbabrabeabtabab abdabeab abIabnabcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablabiabdababdabeab abnababoab absabeab abpabuabbaboabbabrabeabsabtabab abab abiabmabpabuabbabgabnababoabbabrab abdabiabsabpabuabbaboabsabiabtabiabvaboabsab abdabeab ablabeabiab abpabuabbaboabbabrabeab-abcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablab.ab
D.
abAab abAabcababbaboab abDabiaboabbabrabeabtabab abdabeab abIabnabcababbaboabnabsabtabiabtabuabcababbabiaboabnabablabiabdababdabeab abnababoab abeab abab abvabiabab abdabeab abcababbaboabnabtaboabbabraboablabeab aboabbaboabbabjabeabtabiabvaboab ababdabeabqabuababdabab abpabuabbababoabbabrabab abiabmabpabuabbabgabnababoabbabrab aboabsab abdabiabsabpabuabbaboabsabiabtabiabvaboabsab abdabab abLabeabiab abnaboab ab1ab.ab0ab7ab9abͬab1ab9ab5ab0ab,ab abeab,ab abpabuabbaboabbabrab absabeab abtaboabbabrababtababoabbabrab abdabeab abeaboabbabraboabbabraboab abgaboabbabraboabsabsabeabiaboabbabraboab,ab aboab abSabuabpabuabbaboabbabrabeabmaboab abTaboabbabrabiabbabuabnabablab abFabeabdabeaboabbabrabablab abnababoab ababdabmabiabtabeab absabuabab abfabuabnabgabiabbabiablabiabdababdabeab abcababbaboabmab abab abAaboabbabrabgabuabiabcababbaboab abdabeab abDabeabsabcababbabuabmabpabuabbaboabbabrabiabmabeabnabtaboab abdabeab abPaboabbabrabeabcabeabbababbabeabiabtaboab abFabuabnabdababmabeabnabtabablab.ab

Gabarito: alternativa correta destacada.

Comentario

Correta: Alternativa D. A Lei nº 1.079/1950 é um diploma normativo pré-constitucional (anterior à CRFB/88). O Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) possui entendimento consolidado de que leis pré-constitucionais não podem ser objeto de Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade (ADI), pois o conflito se resolve no plano da revogação/recepção, sendo a Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental (ADPF) a via adequada. O ajuizamento de ADI nesse cenário configura erro grosseiro, o que afasta a aplicação do princípio da fungibilidade.

Por que as demais estão erradas:

Alternativa A: Está incorreta porque, embora a Lei nº 1.079/1950 tenha sido recepcionada, o controle concentrado de normas pré-constitucionais em face da Constituição de 1988 não pode ser realizado por meio de ADI, mas sim por ADPF.

Alternativa B: Está incorreta porque a fungibilidade entre ADI e ADPF não é admitida de forma irrestrita ou 'em qualquer caso', sendo expressamente rejeitada pelo STF quando caracterizado erro grosseiro, como na hipótese de impugnação de direito pré-constitucional por ADI.

Alternativa C: Está incorreta porque a Ação Declaratória de Constitucionalidade (ADC) também não é cabível para declarar a constitucionalidade (ou recepção) de leis pré-constitucionais, aplicando-se a mesma lógica de inadequação da via eleita.

Base legal

Jurisprudência consolidada do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) sobre o não cabimento de ADI para controle de normas pré-constitucionais (Teoria da Recepção) e inaplicabilidade da fungibilidade por erro grosseiro (cf. ADI 5.107 AgR/DF e ADPF 130).